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IJE Advance Access originally published online on January 27, 2009
International Journal of Epidemiology 2009 38(2):449-451; doi:10.1093/ije/dyn345
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Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association 2009

Commentary: Chlamydia trachomatis screening: what are we trying to do?

Thomas A Peterman*, Sami L Gottlieb and Stuart M Berman

Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.

* Corresponding author. Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. E-mail: tap1@cdc.gov

Accepted 27 November 2008

The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below.

Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted infection that can cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) which can lead to infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Infection is often asymptomatic, detectable with a urine test, and cured by single dose therapy. These characteristics are similar to another infection Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In the US, a N. gonorrhoeae control programme began in the mid-1970s, and between 1975 and 1996, rates of N. gonorrhoeae fell from 467.7 to 121.8 per 100 000 population.1

The prevalence of C. trachomatis infection among persons who were tested (test positivity) fell when C. trachomatis screening was introduced in Sweden,2 British Columbia,3 and the Northwestern United States.1 A study found screening was associated with lower rates of PID,4 and several systematic reviews concluded that sexually active women under age 25 years should be screened for C. trachomatis . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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