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IJE Advance Access originally published online on November 26, 2004
International Journal of Epidemiology 2004 33(6):1216-1218; doi:10.1093/ije/dyh390
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IJE vol.33 no.6 © International Epidemiological Association 2004; all rights reserved.

Commentary

Commentary: Nitrites, nitrates and nitrosation as causes of brain cancer in children: epidemiological challenges

David Forman

Professor of Cancer Epidemiology, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Arthington House, Cookridge Hospital, Leeds LS16 6QB, UK. E-mail: d.forman@leeds.ac.uk

The first 10% of the full text of this article appears below.

Very little is known about the causes of brain cancer in childhood although this is the most common solid tumour diagnosed in paediatric populations. Globally, it is estimated that there are over 20 000 new diagnoses and 10 000 deaths from brain cancer in children under 15 years annually.1 A compelling hypothesis of carcinogenesis for childhood brain cancer, originally based on animal experiments, was formulated over 35 years ago and implicated prenatal exposure to N-nitroso compounds.2 Certain of these compounds, notably the N-nitroso ureas, have been shown to be extraordinarily potent nervous system carcinogens capable of acting transplacentally.3 Indeed the susceptibility of rodents to develop brain tumours in response to N-nitroso urea exposure and the morphological similarity of these cancers to those seen in humans led to these compounds becoming ‘the carcinogens of choice in experimental neuro-oncology’.4

The spectre of a cancer risk posed by N. . . [Full Text of this Article]


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