International Journal of Epidemiology 2003;32:1015-1021
© International Epidemiological Association 2003
Special Theme: Mental Health |
Health inequalities in the workforce: the labour market core–periphery structure
1 University of Tampere, Medical School, Finland.
2 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Finland.
3 University of Helsinki, Department of Psychology, Finland.
4 University of Turku, Department of Public Health, Finland.
Correspondence: Pekka Virtanen, Medical School, University of Tampere, 33014 University of Tampere, Finland. E-mail: pekka.j.virtanen{at}uta.fi
Objectives To explore health inequalities between six labour market groups ranging from permanent employees to the long-term unemployed receiving minimum daily allowance.
Methods A sample of 15 468 employees or job seekers from a population survey. Their perceived health, diseases, and depression were measured.
Results Compared with permanent employees, the odds for poor health were highest among the unemployed with low incomes irrespective of adjustments, across all health indicators and in both men and women. High odds were also found among the less disadvantaged unemployed and the employed with atypical contracts, but not among fixed-term employees.
Conclusions Rather than between the employed and the unemployed, it seems that health inequalities prevail across different labour market groups within the employed and the unemployed. Future studies should employ a more detailed classification of employment situation.
Keywords Atypical employment, unemployment, depression, health status, inequality, Finland
Accepted 15 August 2003
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