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International Journal of Epidemiology 2001;30:1193-1197
© International Epidemiological Association 2001

Celebration

Physical activity and health: current issues and research needs

Adrianne E Hardman

Professor Adrianne E Hardman, Department of Physical Education, Sports Science and Recreation Management, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK. E-mail: a.e.hardman@lboro.ac.uk

Accepted 21 March 2001

A substantial body of evidence now demonstrates the burden of ill-health attributable to sedentary living. This is most compelling for coronary heart disease (CHD) and, combined with the high prevalence of inactivity,1 provides the rationale for Professor Morris's claim that exercise is 'today's best buy in public health'.2 Besides a reduced risk of CHD, evidence is secure for many other health gains from physical activity; these include a reduced risk of stroke,3,4 type II diabetes,5,6 colon cancer,7,8 and hip fracture.9,10 There is evidence enough to justify the further development of public health policies to promote physical activity. The difficulty is with the specifics of what to promote and prescribe.

This paper is concerned with future contributions by research to an evidence-based rationale for exercise recommendations—both to the public at large and to individuals. It is clear that physically active people have a lower disease risk than sedentary individuals but the . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Cardiovascular and associated metabolic disease

How important is intensity?
Frequency of exercise
Pattern of exercise
Energy expenditure and energy turnover
Fitness
Walking
Mechanisms

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

Notes

References


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