International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 26, 1373-1385, Copyright © 1997 by International Epidemiological Association
YT Van Duynhoven, MJ van de Laar, WA Schop, JW Mouton, WI van der Meijden and MJ Sprenger
BACKGROUND: The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of
gonorrhoea and chlamydial infections and to determine sexual and
demographic correlates for these sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among
visitors of an STD clinic. METHODS: In 1994, a cross-sectional study was
carried out among 2984 consecutive visitors of the STD clinic of the
University Hospital Rotterdam. RESULTS: The prevalence of chlamydial
infection was 12.1% for women and 12.3% for men. For gonorrhoea, prevalence
was 3.2% and 6.0%, respectively. For men, gonorrhoea was independently
associated with multiple partners in the last month, homosexual activities,
a history of gonorrhoea, last sexual contact in the past 4-14 days and
casual partners. In contrast, chlamydial infection was less likely to be
found in homosexual men and male intravenous drug users. Additionally,
chlamydial infection was independently associated with young age, multiple
partners in the last 6 months and with last sexual contact in the past 2
months. For women, intravenous drug use (associated with commercial sex
work) and a history of trichomoniasis were independent risk factors for
gonorrhoea. Independent risk factors for chlamydial infection in women
were: young age, two or three sexual partners during life and last sexual
contact within 2 months. Chlamydial infection was uncommon in commercial
sex workers. CONCLUSIONS: The differences in the epidemiological correlates
suggest that chlamydial infection is more diffusely spread into the general
population than gonorrhoea. Additionally, it is hypothesized that men
acquire their chlamydial infection through less stable relationships and
subsequently infect their regular female partner.
ARTICLES
Different demographic and sexual correlates for chlamydial infection and gonorrhoea in Rotterdam
Department for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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