International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 26, 1314-1322, Copyright © 1997 by International Epidemiological Association
MC Leske, SY Wu, AM Connell, L Hyman and AP Schachat
BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the association of age-related lens
opacities with the use of nutritional supplements and demographic factors
among 4314 black participants (> or = 40 years) in the population-based
Barbados Eye Study. METHODS: Lenses were classified at the slit lamp by the
Lens Opacities Classification System II (LOCS II); a score > or = 2 was
used to define the presence of gradable lens opacities, by type. Lens
changes also included prior cataract surgery or cataract too advanced to
grade. Associations with risk factors were evaluated by logistic regression
analyses. RESULTS: The study identified 1800 individuals with lens changes
in at least one eye; 229 had nuclear opacities only; 851 had cortical
opacities only. Older age and indicators of lower socioeconomic status (low
education and/or non- professional occupation), were positively associated
with both nuclear (odds ratio [OR] = 1.90) and cortical (OR = 1.47)
opacities. Women had an increased risk of cortical opacities (OR = 1.41).
Regular users of nutritional supplements were less likely to have lens
changes (OR = 0.78) and, specifically, cortical opacities (OR = 0.77). The
association with nutritional supplements was present in those < 70
years, but not at older ages. CONCLUSIONS: The study supports the
association of lower socioeconomic status with lens changes, including
nuclear and cortical lens opacities. The findings also suggest that regular
users of nutritional supplements have a one-fourth lower risk of lens
changes and particularly, of cortical opacities; a result seen at ages
under 70 years. The associations with potentially modifiable factors
indicate the need for further evaluations, given the high prevalence of
lens opacities.
ARTICLES
Lens opacities, demographic factors and nutritional supplements in the Barbados Eye Study
University Medical Center at Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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