International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 26, 782-787, Copyright © 1997 by International Epidemiological Association
F Diderichsen and J Hallqvist
BACKGROUND: Many European countries have in recent decades reported growing
socioeconomic differentials in mortality. While these trends have usually
paralleled high unemployment and increasing income disparities, Sweden had
low unemployment and narrowing income differences. This study describes
trends, 1961-1990, in total and cardiovascular mortality among men, 45-69
years of age, in major occupational classes in Sweden. METHODS: From census
data four cohorts were created from those enumerated in 1960, 1970, 1980
and 1985. Through record linkage with the Swedish cause of death registry
the mortality in each cohort was followed for 5-10 years. Age-standardized
mortality trends 1961-1990 were calculated for occupational groups,
categorized according to sector of the economy. RESULTS: The increase in
mortality among middle-aged men in Sweden 1965-1980 was mainly a result of
increasing cardiovascular mortality among industrial workers and farmers.
In the 1980s the trend for these groups changed into a last decrease in
mortality similar to that for non-manual occupations for the whole period.
Consequently the rate ratio for industrial workers in comparison with men
having a professional/managerial type of occupation increased from 0.98 to
1.43. The slowest decrease is now found among unqualified occupations in
services and transportation. CONCLUSIONS: While Sweden, during the period
studied, had narrowing income differentials and low unemployment this
result points to the importance of working conditions in understanding
trends and distribution of male adult mortality.
ARTICLES
Trends in occupational mortality among middle-aged men in Sweden 1961- 1990
Karolinska Institute, Department of Public Health Sciences, Sundbyberg, Sweden.
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