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International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 26, 24-31, Copyright © 1997 by International Epidemiological Association
YC Ko, CH Lee, MJ Chen, CC Huang, WY Chang, HJ Lin, HZ Wang and PY Chang
BACKGROUND: Although cigarette smoking is considered to be the most
important cause of lung cancer, smoking behaviour cannot fully explain the
epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer in Taiwanese women, who
rarely smoke but contract lung cancer relatively often. There are other
causes of lung cancer that have produced variability in lung cancer
incidence. METHODS: A case-control study involving interviews with 117
female patients (including 106 non-smoking) suffering from lung cancer and
the same number of individually matched hospital controls was conducted in
Kaohsiung, Taiwan between 1992 and 1993. The questionnaire administered to
cases and controls collected information on cigarette smoking and suspected
risk factors for lung cancer. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was
applied to assess smoking for all women and suspected risk factors for
non-smoking women. RESULTS: The relationship between cigarette smoking and
lung cancer was statistically significant although only a small proportion
(9.4%) of female patients had smoked. However, the risk of contracting
cancer for non-smoking women appears to be associated with certain cooking
practices, especially preparing meals in kitchens not equipped with a fume
extractor at cooking age of 20-40 years (odds ratio [OR] = 8.3; 95%
confidence interval [CI]: 3.1-22.7. These factors and a history of
pulmonary tuberculosis plus low consumption of fresh vegetables explained
78% of the summary attributable risks for non-smoking women in a
multivariate logistic regression model. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to fumes from
cooking oils, when not reduced by an extractor, may be an important factor
in causing lung cancer in non-smoking Taiwanese women.
ARTICLES
Risk factors for primary lung cancer among non-smoking women in Taiwan
School of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical College, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
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