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© 1996 Oxford University Press

research-article

Influence of Parental Occupation on Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors in Children. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

MARKETTA LEINO*, KIMMO V K PORKKA**, OLLI T RAITAKARI{dagger}, SAIJA LAITINEN{ddagger}, SIMO TAIMELA§ and JORMA S A VIIKARl||

*Cardiorespiratory Research Unit, University of Turku Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland
**Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki Finland
{dagger}Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Turku Finland
{ddagger}Division of Nutrition, University of Helsinki Finland
§Helsinki Research Institute for Sports and Exercise Medicine Helsinki, Finland
||Department of Medicine, University of Turku Finland

Leino M (Cardiorespiratory Research Unit, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland), Porkka K V K, Raitakari O T, Laitinen S, Taimela S and Viikari J S A. Influence of parental occupation on coronary heart disease risk factors in children. The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. International Journal of Epidemiology 1996; 25: 1189–1195.

BACKGROUND: The Influence of parental occupation on selected coronary heart disease risk factors was studied in a cohort of Finnish children aged 9, 12 and 15 years (n = 1211) as part of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study in 1986.

METHODS: The relationships of parental occupation to serum lipid and apolipoprotein concentrations, blood pressure, obesity, smoking, physical activity, diet and birthweight were examined. The occupation of the parents was obtained by a questionnaire and classified as I: upper non-manual (22%), II: lower non-manual (26%), III: upper manual (32%), IV: lower manual (5%) and F: farmers (15%).

RESULTS: Highest serum total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were found in classes IV and F. Boys from class IV had 7.1% higher total cholesterol concentrations compared to class I (4.98 mmol/l versus 4.65 mmol/l, P = 0.0033), whereas farmers' girls had 10.% higher concentrations than girls from class III (5.31 mmol/l versus 4.81 mmol/l, P = 0.0057). Blood pressure was related to parental occupation only in boys, and the values were highest in class F. Boys from class IV smoked most often, and they also had lowest values for physical activity index and highest obesity indices. Farmers' children consumed significantly more saturated fat and cholesterol than children from other classes. In boys, the percentage of subjects with a low birthweight (≤10th percentile) was smallest in class I and greatest in class IV (7.1% versus 20.7%, P = 0.0330).

CONCLUSIONS: Socioeconomic status based on parental occupation is associated with several coronary heart disease risk factors already present in children. These differences should be taken into account in prevention programmes aimed at children at an increased risk for developing coronary heart disease as adults.

Keywords children, coronary heart disease, risk factors, socioeconomic status, occupation

Revised 1 April 1996


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