© 1996 Oxford University Press
research-article |
Reliability of Environmental, Biological and Health Characteristics of Infants from a Developing Country
*Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
**Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Reprint requests to: Dr Sandra Costa Fuchs, Faculdade de Medicina, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600 sala 415, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Fuchs S C (Department of Social Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), Victora C G, Wannmacher L, Goncalves C, Barbosa A, Menta L and Azevedo R. Reliability of environmental, biological and health characteristics of infants from a developingcountry. International Journal of Epidemiology 1996; 25: 1005–1008.
BACKGROUND: Although most epidemiological data are gathered by interviews, few studies ascertain their reliability. This study quantified inter-observer reliability of environmental, biological and health characteristics of underprivileged children, in a southern Brazilian state.
METHODS: Five health care professionals who had received extensive standardized interview and observation training interviewed mothers and observed the home environments of a random sample of 102 children. A second Interview was conducted by a sixth health professional who had received separate but identical training without the initial interviewer knowing a follow-up interview would be conducted. Data from the two independent interviews and observations were compared for agreement using the kappa statistic.
RESULTS: There was excellent agreement (kappa >0.75) for most of the household charactenstics, such as type of walls, ceiling, floor and windows in spite of the diversity of buildings. Presence of the parents, number of people in the household, age of the mother and health assistance were reliable as well. However, information about skin colour of the mother and the number of cracks In the house only reached fair agreement.
CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that data gathered by observation and Interviews generate accurate information about environmental, biological and health care characteristics. Those based on written information, such as birth date, were highly concordant.
Keywords inter-observer, reliability, kappa, agreement
Revised 1 April 1996