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© 1992 Oxford University Press

other

Early Childhood Mortality in a Brazilian Cohort: The Roles of Birthweight and Socioeconomic Status

CESAR G VICTORA*, FERNANDO C BARROS*, SHARON R A HUTTLY**, ANA MARIA B TEIXEIRA** and J PATRICK VAUGHAN{dagger}

*Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Federal de Pelotas CP 464, 96001 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
**Material and Child Epidemiology Unit London WCIE 7HT, UK
{dagger}Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London WCIE 7HT, UK

Victora C G (Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, CP 464, 96001 Pelotas, RS, Brazil), Barros F C, Huttly S R A, Teixeira A M B and Vaughan J P. Early childhood mortality in a Brazilian cohort: The roles of birthweight and socioeconomic status. International Journal of Epidemiology 1992; 21: 911–915.

The deaths of children aged 1–4 years were studied in a cohort of 5914 Brazilian liveborns. A total of 20 early childhood deaths were recorded (cumulative mortality risk of approximately 6 per 1000), 17 of which (59%) were due to infectious diseases. The death rate was highest in the second year. Deaths were highly concentrated in children from low income (<US$50/month) families, where the cumulative risk of early childhood death was about 10 per 1000; on the other hand, there were no deaths among the 616 children from families with a monthly income of US$300 or more. Birthweight was also associated with mortality: the cumulative risk of children weighing less than 2000 g at birth was 21 per 1000, compared to 4 per 1000 among those with birthweights of 3500 g or more. Simultaneous adjustment for income and birthweight did not substantially change these differentials. These findings confirm the strong association between early childhood mortality and socioeconomic conditions, but also make evident the long effects of low birthweight.

Received 1 March 1992


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