© 1990 Oxford University Press
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Geographical Patterns of Male Circumcision Practices in Africa: Association with HIV Seroprevalence
*Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi PO Box 19676, Nairobi, Kenya
**International Projects Assistance Services Nairobi, Kenya
Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi, Kenya
Departments of Medical Microbiology, Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Moses S (Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, PO Box 19676, Nairobi, Kenya), Bradley J E, Nagelkerke NJD, Ronald A R, Ndinya-Achola J O and Plummer F A: Geographical patterns of male circumcision practices in Africa: Association with HIV seroprevalence. International Journal of Epidemiology 1990; 19: 693–697.
To ascertain whether male circumcision might explain some of the geographical variation in human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence in Africa, we investigated the association between the practice of male circumcision at a societal level and HIV seroprevalence. Male circumcision practices for over 700 African societies were identified, and HIV seroprevalence in general adult populations from 140 distinct locations in 41 countries was obtained. In locations where male circumcision is practised, HIV seroprevalence was considerably lower than in areas where it is not practised. This study supports the hypothesis that lack of circumcision in males is a risk factor for HIV transmission.
Revised 1 December 1989
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