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© 1989 Oxford University Press
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Incidence of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Following Measles and Measles Vaccination in Japan
1 Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan
2 Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical College Chuo-ku, Hokkaido 060, Japan
3 Tohoku University Seiryo-cho, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan
4 Department of Pediatrics, Research Institute for Tuberculosis and Cancer, Tohoku University Seiryo-cho, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan
5 Virus Laboratory, Kanto Teishin Hospital Gotanda, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141, Japan
6 Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical College Ichigaya-Kawata-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan
7 Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
8 Aichi Prefectural Public Health Institute Nagoya, Aichi 462, Japan
9 Department of Preventive Medicine, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan. (Reprint requests: Dr Shigeharu Ueda at this address.)
10 Department of Pediatrics, Kochi Medical School Nangoku, Kochi 781-51, Japan
11 First Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume, Fukuoka 830, Japan
Okuno Y (Research Institute for microbial Diseases, Osaka University, yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565, Japan), Nakao T, Ishida N, Konno T, Mizutani H, Fukuyama Y, Sato T, Isomura S, Ueda S, Kitamura I and Kaji M. Incidence of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis following measles and measles vaccination in Japan. International Journal of Epidemiology 1989, 18: 684–689.
The Japanese Committee for the National Registry of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) confirmed that 215 cases of SSPE occurred in the 20 years from 1966 to 1985, as discovered in the 10-year surveillance from April 1976 through March 1986. The annual incidence in recent years has been between 10 and 23 cases. Among cases with a certain history of measles illness or measles vaccination, 184 (90.2%) had a history of measles illness without receiving measles vaccine. There were 11 probable measles vaccine-associated cases (5.4%) three (1.5%) being vaccinated with a combined use of killed and live vaccine and eight (3.9%) with further attenuated live vaccine. There were nine cases (4.4%) Without a history of either measles illness or measles vaccination. Intervals between measles illness and the onset of SSPE varied from 1 to 16 years (mean, 7.0 years). The periods following measles vaccination with further attenuated live vaccine were 2 to 11 years (mean, 4.6 years). Annual incidence rates of SSPE per million cases of measles ranged between 6.1 and 40.9 (mean, 16.1) in the 10 measles epidemic years 1968–1977, and those following vaccination with further attenuated live vaccine were zero in most years and at the highest 3.08 (mean, 0.9) per million doses of distributed vaccine.
Received 1 October 1988
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