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© 1988 Oxford University Press

research-article

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of BCG Vaccination Using the Case Control Method in Buenos Aires, Argentina

ISABEL MICELI*, ISABEL N DE KANTOR**,, DIANA COLAIÁCOVO*, GRACIELA PELUFFO*, IRENE CUTILLO{dagger}, ROBERTO GORRA{dagger}, ROBERTO BOTTA{ddagger}, SILVIA HOM{ddagger} and H G TEN DAM§

*Posadas National Hospital Haedo, Argentina
**Pan American Zoonoses Center (PAHO/WHO) Martinez, Agentina
{dagger}San Justo Children's Hospital San Justo, Argentina
{ddagger}General Rodriguez Hospital, General Rodriguez Argentina
§Tuberculosis and Respiratory Infections, World Health Organization 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland

Reprint requests: Dr Isabel N de Kantor, Casilo 3092, Correo Central, 1000 Buenos Aires, Argentina

A retrospective case-control study was conducted in Argentina to determine the protection conferred by BCG vaccination against tuberculosis in children under six years of age, in an area where coverage is about 55%.

A total of 175 tuberculosis patients were included. Five controls selected from patients treated at the same hospital as those under study for reasons other than tuberculosis were matched to each case on the basis of age, socioeconomic origin, nutritional status and place of residence. Information on BCG vaccination status was collected by an independent examiner. Tuberculosis localizations were as follows: 152 pulmonary, pleural and/or miliary; 18 meningitis; 2 lymphadenitis; 2 osteoarticular; and 1 otic.

The diagnosis was based on bacteriological and histopathologlcal tests, computerized tomography, radiology, clinical examination, endoscopy, and proved source of infection. The protective effect of BCG among those who were vaccinated was 73.0% with 95% confidence limits of 82% and 62%. According to these results BCG vaccination given early in life is very effective in preventing tuberculosis.

Revised 1 April 1987


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