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IJE Advance Access originally published online on November 26, 2008
International Journal of Epidemiology 2009 38(5):1207-1214; doi:10.1093/ije/dyn239
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Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Epidemiological Association 2008

Cohort Profile: NICHD International Site Development Initiative (NISDI): a prospective, observational study of HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children at clinical sites in Latin American and Caribbean countries

Rohan Hazra1,*, Sonia K Stoszek2, Laura Freimanis Hance2, Jorge Pinto3, Heloisa Marques4, Mario Peixoto5, Jorge Alarcon6, Marisa Mussi-Pinhata7, Leslie Serchuck1 and for the NISDI Pediatric Study Group 2008{dagger}

1 Pediatric Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
2 Westat, Rockville, MD, USA.
3 Immunology Division/Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
4 Instituto da Crianca–HCFM Universidade de San Paulo, Brazil.
5 Hospital Femina, Grupo Hospitalar Conceição, Porto Alegre—RS, Brazil.
6 Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel Alcides Carrión, University of San Marcos, Lima, Peru.
7 Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.

* Corresponding author. Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Blvd., Room 4B11, Bethesda, MD 20892-7510, USA. E-mail: hazrar@mail.nih.gov

Accepted 22 October 2008

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   How did the study come about?
 
Given the dramatic decline in the incidence of HIV infection in infants and children in the United States, but the unfortunate persistence of mother to child transmission in other parts of the world, international collaborations are critical to the conduct of trials to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic modalities in children. Additionally, because the bulk of pediatric HIV infection now occurs in middle- and low-income countries, infrastructure development in such countries is also very important. With the advent and availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the face of this fatal disease in children has changed from one of widespread morbidity and mortality to one that is potentially manageable and allows infected children to survive well into adulthood.1,2 Because of these changes, the importance of long-term outcomes related to both the disease and exposure to its treatment has become a major focus of research efforts.

Through . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   What does it cover and who is in the sample?
 

   How often have patients been followed up and what is measured?
 

   What has been found?
 

   What are follow-up and attrition like?
 

   What are the main strengths and weaknesses of NISDI?
 
Strengths
Weaknesses

   How can I collaborate? Where can I find out more?
 

   Funding
 

   Appendix
 

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