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International Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 33, Number 1, pp. 2-8
IJE vol.33 no.1 © International Epidemiological Association 2004; all rights reserved.
Editorial |
Prenatal screening for group B streptococcal infection: gaps in the evidence
Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London, WC1N 1EH, UK. E-mail: r.gilbert@ich.ucl.ac.uk
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Weighing the benefits and harms of antibiotic prophylaxis
The 1990s saw the widespread adoption of antibiotic prophylaxis during labour in many western industrialized countries. By the end of the decade, 30% of women delivering in US maternity units involved in a large multicentre study received intravenous (IV) antibiotics during labour.1 In 24% of women, antibiotics were administered for vaginal carriage of group B streptococci, in order to reduce the risk of early onset neonatal group B streptococcal (GBS) disease. In the remaining 6%, antibiotics were given for risk factors related to preterm delivery, such as preterm prolonged rupture of membranes or preterm onset of labour.1 Although early onset neonatal GBS disease has undoubtedly decreased in association with the uptake of universal screening for maternal GBS colonization, there are concerns that antibiotic prophylaxis might select for more virulent, or antibiotic resistant pathogens.2 This question is as pertinent to the UK and other countries where universal screening for GBS is
Why do some neonates get early onset GBS disease?
Changes in the incidence of early onset GBS disease
Case-fatality of GBS
Maternal screening to prevent early onset GBS disease: guidelines and cost effectiveness
Does antibiotic prophylaxis reduce neonatal mortality or morbidity? A review of the evidence
Prophylactic antibiotics for women colonized with GBS
Prophylactic antibiotics for non-GBS indications
Antibiotic prophylaxis for preterm labour with intact membranes
Antibiotic prophylaxis for preterm rupture of the membranes
Antibiotics for pre-labour rupture of membranes near term
Time trend studies
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  T. E Colbourn, C. Asseburg, L. Bojke, Z. Philips, N. J Welton, K. Claxton, A E Ades, and R. E Gilbert Preventive strategies for group B streptococcal and other bacterial infections in early infancy: cost effectiveness and value of information analyses BMJ, September 29, 2007; 335(7621): 655 - 655. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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