Skip Navigation

This Article
Right arrow Full Text Freely available
Right arrow FREE Full Text (PDF) Freely available
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My Personal Archive
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Vandenbroucke, J. P
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Vandenbroucke, J. P
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us  
What's this?

International Journal of Epidemiology 2001;30:1253-1258
© International Epidemiological Association 2001

Reprints and Reflections

Commentary: Treatment of bladder stones and probabilistic reasoning in medicine: an 1835 account and its lessons for the present

Jan P Vandenbroucke

Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail: j.p.vandenbroucke@lumc.nl

The 1835 paper ‘by Dr Civiale’ (1792–1867) that was translated by Angela Swaine Verdier is an historical gem.1 Many possible comments are possible about this paper. In the following, I have commented upon the text as such—without the benefit of any comparative study of similar papers, or reactions to this paper in the contemporary literature of the time, except for general historical and medical references that I had immediately at hand.

In brief, the paper is a narrative commenting upon the work of Dr Civiale that was presented to the ‘Académie de Médecine’. The comments were made by four people who were members of the ‘Académie’ and they present the work of their colleague in the form of a review. The first part of this ‘review’ describes the numerical data presented by the author, with some remarks on its strengths and weaknesses. The essence of that first part is a . . . [Full Text of this Article]

Urinary Bladder Stones and their Treatment

The Presentation of the Work

Lithotomy versus Lithotripty

Probabilistic Reasoning in Medicine

Conclusions

References


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us    What's this?