International Journal of Epidemiology 2001;30:818-824
© International Epidemiological Association 2001
Cancer |
Risk factors for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma according to family history of haematolymphoproliferative malignancies
a Department of Health Evaluation Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
b Department of Occupational and Preventive Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
c Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
d University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Kangmin Zhu, Department of Helath Evaluation Sciences, A210, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, PO Box 855, 600 Centerview Drive, Hershey, PA 17033-0855, USA
Abstract
Background Aetiological profiles of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) may differ depending upon whether the disease is inheritance-related or sporadic. Because familial risk (a probable surrogate of inheritance-relatedness) of NHL is influenced by haematolymphoproliferative malignancies (HLPM), we evaluated whether non-familial risk factors differ between NHL with and without a family history of HLPM, using the Selected Cancers Study data.
Methods Cases were 1511 men aged 31–59 and diagnosed with NHL during 1984–1988. Controls were men without NHL, frequency-matched to cases by age range and cancer registry (n = 1910). These groups were compared: cases with a family history of HLPM and without, and controls without such a family history.
Results Polytomous logistic regression analyses showed that the odds ratio (OR) estimates of homosexual behaviour were 18.2 (95% confidence interval (CI) : 4.8–69.4) and 5.6 (95% CI : 3.3–9.5) for NHL with and without a family history of HLPM, respectively. The corresponding estimates were 3.9 (95% CI : 1.7–8.9) and 2.2 (95% CI : 1.5–3.1) for history of enlarged lymph nodes. Variables only related to NHL with a family history were use of heroin (OR = 15.6, 95% CI : 3.4–70.4), exposure to a chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide (OR = 2.3, 95% CI : 1.0–5.0), occupational exposure to plywood, fibreboard or particleboard (OR = 2.0, 95% CI : 1.2–3.4) and history of liver diseases (other than hepatitis or cirrhosis) (OR = 6.5, 95% CI : 1.2–36.2). The association between homosexual behaviour and NHL among men with a family history was stronger for those aged 31–44, especially for B-cell type of the disease.
Conclusions This study suggests differences in the risk factor profiles between NHL with and without a family history of HLPM. The higher risks of NHL for homosexual behaviour and heroin use, surrogates of HIV infection, in men with a family history of HLPM imply that genetic susceptibility may be influential on the occurrence of HIV-related NHL.
Keywords Case-control studies, family history, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, risk factors
Accepted 16 August 2000
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