International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 28, 925-931, Copyright © 1999 by International Epidemiological Association
A Robles and N Goldman
BACKGROUND: Because hospital records rarely exist for a representative
sample of the population in developing countries, researchers frequently
rely on birthweight data from surveys. Yet, the quality of these data has
rarely been evaluated. This study explores the accuracy of birthweight
information in six demographic and health surveys in Latin America
conducted in the early 1990s: two in Guatemala, and one each in Bolivia,
Costa Rica, El Salvador and Peru. METHODS: The quality of the birthweight
reports is assessed by examining the plausibility of estimates of the
proportion of newborns reported to have been weighed and estimates derived
from the numerical weights, by characteristics of the delivery and maternal
education. RESULTS: The estimates suggest that a substantial proportion of
women whose newborns were probably never weighed report a birthweight. For
all of the surveys, with the possible exception of Costa Rica, the average
birthweights appear to be too high, and the estimates of the prevalence of
low birthweight too low. In addition, the data reveal anomalous patterns,
such as higher birthweights for home as compared with hospital deliveries.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that estimates of low birthweight
derived from surveys in developing countries are likely to portray an
overly optimistic picture of children's and women's health status. More
information about the underlying source of these data are needed not only
to provide additional insight into the degree of error characterizing
existing estimates, but also to improve data collection strategies in
future health interview surveys.
ARTICLES
Can accurate data on birthweight be obtained from health interview surveys?
Office of Population Research, Princeton University, NJ 08540, USA.
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