International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 28, 717-722, Copyright © 1999 by International Epidemiological Association
J Hedman, J Kaprio, T Poussa and MM Nieminen
BACKGROUND: Remarkable overlap exists in symptoms between asthma and
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the symptoms of the
patients with mild asthma are often falsely thought to be caused by
smoking. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of
doctor-diagnosed asthma, asthmatic symptoms and doctor-diagnosed COPD in an
adult population. The prevalence and relation to asthma of aspirin
intolerance, nasal polyposis, allergic rhinitis and smoking habits were
also examined. METHODS: Postal questionnaire survey of a population-based
random sample (4300) of adult women and men aged 18-65 years served by the
Paijat-Hame Central Hospital in southern Finland (a region with 208 000
inhabitants) was performed. RESULTS: The non- response-adjusted prevalence
(Drane's linear method) of doctor- diagnosed asthma was 4.4% (95% CI:
3.3-5.5%) and of COPD 3.7% (95% CI: 2.7-4.8%). The prevalence of allergic
rhinitis was 37.3% (95% CI: 33.3- 41.2%), and of overall aspirin
intolerance 5.7% (95% CI: 4.4-7.1%). The observed prevalence of aspirin
intolerance causing shortness of breath or attacks of asthma was 1.2% and
it was higher in patients with doctor- diagnosed asthma than without (8.8%
versus 0.8%, relative risk [RR] = 11.4, P < 0.0001), and higher in those
with allergic-like rhinitis than without (2.6% versus 0.3%, RR = 7.7, P
< 0.0001). The prevalence of nasal polyposis was 4.3% (95% CI :
2.8-5.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The current prevalence of doctor-diagnosed asthma
among adults is 4.4%, and allergic rhinitis, nasal polyposis and aspirin
intolerance are associated with an increased risk of asthma. There is also
association between aspirin-induced asthma and allergic-like rhinitis.
ARTICLES
Prevalence of asthma, aspirin intolerance, nasal polyposis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a population-based study
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Finland. jouni.hedman@pp.inet.fi
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