International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 28, 591-596, Copyright © 1999 by International Epidemiological Association
M Albonico, RJ Stoltzfus, L Savioli, HM Chwaya, E d'Harcourt and JM Tielsch
BACKGROUND: School-based deworming programmes have been promoted as a
cost-effective strategy for control of nematode infection in developing
countries. While numerous efficacy studies have been conducted, there is
little information on actual programme effectiveness in areas of intense
transmission. METHODS: A randomized trial of a school-based deworming
programme was conducted in 12 primary schools on Pemba Island, Zanzibar.
Four schools each were randomized to control, twice a year deworming with
single dose mebendazole or three times a year deworming. Baseline and
12-month follow-up data on helminth infection using the Kato-Katz
technique, demographic information and nutritional status were collected on
3028 children from March 1994 to May 1995. RESULTS: Intensity of infection
measured as eggs per gram of faeces (epg) declined significantly for
Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm infections in both
treatment groups. A. lumbricoides infection intensity declined 63.1% and
96.7% in the twice and three times per year treatment groups compared to
the controls. T. trichiura infection intensity declined 40.4% and 75.9%
respectively and hookworm intensity declined 35.3% and 57.2% respectively
compared to control schools. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that
school-based programmes can be a cost-effective approach for controlling
the intensity of intestinal helminth infection even in environments where
transmission is high.
ARTICLES
A controlled evaluation of two school-based anthelminthic chemotherapy regimens on intensity of intestinal helminth infections
Ivo de Carneri Foundation, Milan, Italy.
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