© 1998 Oxford University Press
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Body mass decrease after initial gain following smoking cessation
aDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of indusinal Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health I -1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
bNishinihon Occupational Health Service Centre Japan
BACKGROUND: Although smoking cessation is strongly associated with subsequent weight gain, it is not clear whether the initial gain in weight after smoking cessation remains over time.
METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses were made, using data from periodic health examinations for workers, on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the length of smoking cessation, in addition, linear regression coefficients of BMI on the length of cessation were estimated according to alcohol intake and sport activity, to examine the modifying effect of these factors on the weight of former smokers.
RESULTS: Means of BMI were 23.1 kg/m2, 23.3 kg/m2, 23.6 kg/m2 for light/medium smokers, heavy smokers and never smokers, respectively. Among former smokers who had smoked 
25 cigarettes a day, odds ratio (OR) of BMI >25 kg/m2 were 1.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] : 1.05–3.35), 1.32 (95% CI: 0.74–2.34), 0.66(95% CI: 0.33–1.31) for those with 2–4 years, 5–7 years, and 8–10 years of smoking cessation, respectively. The corresponding OR among those who previously consumed <25 cigarettes a day were 1.06 (95% CI: 0.58–1.94), 1.00 (95% CI: 0.58–1.71), and 1.49 (95% CI :0.95–2.32).
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that although heavy smokers may experience large weight gain and weigh more than never smokers in the few years after smoking cessation, they thereafter lose weight to the never smoker level, while light and moderate smokers gain weight up to the never smoker level without any excess after smoking cessation.
Keywords Smoking cessation, body mass index, cross-sectional studies, alcohol drinking, exercise
Accepted 6 May 1998
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