| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
© 1998 Oxford University Press
research-article |
Paediatric, invasive pneumococcal disease in Switzerland, 1985–1994
Institute of Medlcal Microblology. University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
Reprint requests to: Kathrin Mühlemann, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrassse 51, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
BACKGROUND: Costeffectiveuse of new vaccines against pneumococcal disease in children requires detailed information about the local epideniiology of pneumococcal infections.
METHODS: Data on 393 culture-confirmed cases of invasive pneumococcal infection in children (<17 years) hospitalized in Swiss paediatric clinics were collected retrospectively for the years 1985–1994.
RESULTS: Meningitis (42%) was most frequent, followed by pneumonia (28%) and bacteraeniia (26%). The overall annual incidence was 2.7 cases per 100 000 children <17 years old and 11 cases per 100 000 children <2 years old. Annual incidence rates were stable over the study period. Lethality was high for meningitis (8.6%) and bacteraemia (8.9%). A history of basal skull fracture was reported in 3.3% of children with pneurnococcal meningitis. Residence in a rural region was associated with an increased risk of pneumococcal infection (relative risk = 1.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–2.00).
CONCLUSIONS: Paediatric, invasive pneumococcal disease seems to be less frequent in Switzerland than in other European and non-European countries. This may be due to differences in diagnostic strategies and lower frequency of risk factors such as the use of day care. Children with a history of basal skull fracture are at increased risk for pneurnococcal meningitis. Further investigation of the association of invasive pneumococcal infection with rural residence and the use of antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections might give new insight into the dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection and the development of antibiotic resistance.
Keywords Streptococcus pneumoniae, epidemiology, surveillance, vaccine, Switzerland
Accepted 24 March 1998
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. Tebruegge and N. Curtis Epidemiology, Etiology, Pathogenesis, and Diagnosis of Recurrent Bacterial Meningitis Clin. Microbiol. Rev., July 1, 2008; 21(3): 519 - 537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. E. Mahon, V. Ehrenstein, M. Norgaard, L. Pedersen, K. J. Rothman, and H. T. Sorensen Perinatal Risk Factors for Hospitalization for Pneumococcal Disease in Childhood: A Population-Based Cohort Study Pediatrics, April 1, 2007; 119(4): e804 - e812. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C.-L. Ku, C. Picard, M. Erdos, A. Jeurissen, J. Bustamante, A. Puel, H. von Bernuth, O. Filipe-Santos, H.-H. Chang, T. Lawrence, et al. IRAK4 and NEMO mutations in otherwise healthy children with recurrent invasive pneumococcal disease J. Med. Genet., January 1, 2007; 44(1): 16 - 23. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Vergison, D. Tuerlinckx, J. Verhaegen, A. Malfroot, and for the Belgian Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Stud Epidemiologic Features of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Belgian Children: Passive Surveillance Is Not Enough Pediatrics, September 1, 2006; 118(3): e801 - e809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Rendi-Wagner, A. Georgopoulos, M. Kundi, I. Mutz, M. Mattauch, J. Nowak, A. Mikolasek, A. Vecsei, and H. Kollaritsch Prospective surveillance of incidence, serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae among hospitalized children in Austria J. Antimicrob. Chemother., May 1, 2004; 53(5): 826 - 831. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S Choo and A Finn Current topic: New pneumococcal vaccines for children Arch. Dis. Child., April 1, 2001; 84(4): 289 - 294. [Full Text]
|
|