© 1998 Oxford University Press
research-article |
Prevalence of coronary heart disease and major cardiovascular risk factors in Thailand
aDepartment of Medicine, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen, 40,002, Thailand
bDepanment of Biostatistics and Demography, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen, 40,002, Thailand
cDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Mediane, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University Bangkok, Thailand
dDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medidne, Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai, 50,200, Thailand
eNational Epidemiology Board of Thailand, Ministry of Public Health Bangkok, Thailand
fDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University Songkla, Thailand
BACKGROUND: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is expected to become one of the major health problems in developing countries such as Thailand where prevalence data are scarce. This study reports the prevalence of CHD, as indicated by electrocardiogram (ECG) Mirmesota coding, and its risk factors in Thailand.
METHODS: In 1991 we conducted a cross-sectional ECG survey in a multistage random sample of the Thai population, aged 
30. All major cardiovascular risk factors were measured. Standard supine 12-lead ECG data were collected; amplitudes and intervals were measured manually and entered into a computer. Abnormal tracings were verified by five cardiologists, and agreement among at least three of them was accepted as final.
RESULTS: The total sample included 3822 men and 4967 women aged 30 years. The age- standardized prevalence rate of CuD was 9.9/1000 (men 9.2/1000, women 10.7/1000). The age-standardized level of major cardiovascular risk factors among men and women respectively were: total cholesterol 4.8 mmol/l (187.3 mg/dl), 5.1 mmol/l (197.7 mg/dl); hypercholesterolaemia (6.2 mmol/l) 12.2%, 16.9%; systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 117.8, 117.7; diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 76.9, 75.8; body mass index (kg/m2) 21.7, 22.8; fasting blood sugar 4.8 mmol/l (87.9 mg/dl), 5.0 mmol/l (90.3 mg/dl); hypertension (160/95 ± on antihypertensive drugs) 6.3%, 8.1%; smoking 65.1%, 8.5%; diabetes mellitus (7.8 mmol/l) 2.4%, 3.7%; obesity (25 kg/m2) 15.2%, 27.2%.
CONCLUSIONS: Most of the age-adjusted mean values and proportion of major cardiovascular disease risk factors as well as the prevalence of total CHD in the Thai population were much lower than the median of those values found in developing countries.
Keywords Coronary heart disease, electrocardiogram, risk factors, developing countries, Thailand, Minnesota code, prevalence
Accepted 8 October 1997
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