© 1998 Oxford University Press
research-article |
Length and ponderal index at birth: associations with mortality, hospitalizations, development and post-natal growth in Brazilian infants
aMestrado em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas CP 464, 96100 Pelotas RS Brazil
bInternational Food Policy Research Institute 1200 17th St NW, Washington DC 20036, USA
Reprint requests to: Prof. Cesar Victora. Departamento de Medicina Social. Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Av Duque de Caxias. 250. 96030-002 Pelotas RS. Brazil.
BACKGROUND: Low birthweight infants suffer greater mortality and neonatal morbidity, grow less well in infancy and show poorer psycho-motor development. However, this simple categorization may obscure important differences in aetiology and prognosis between infants born stunted, thin, or both.
METHODS: In 1993, all births in Pelotas, Brazil, were enrolled into a prospective study of health and development in infancy. Of 5249 live births, 5160 had length and weight measures at birth, and were classified into tertiles of length and ponderal index. All deaths and hospitalizations were monitored, and suspected developmental delay and attained growth at 12 months were assessed on a subsample of 1364 infants. Logistic regression was used to control for gestational age and socioeconomic status.
RESULTS: There was no association between birth length and ponderal index tertiles. After adjusting for gestational age, infants in the lower tertiles of both length and ponderal index presented a 3.8-times higher risk of mortality from day 8 to day 365, and a 2.5-times higher risk of hospitalization compared to infants with greater birth lengths and/or ponderal indices. Suspected developmental delay was associated with length and, less strongly, with ponderal index, but there was no synergism between the two. Infants in the middle and upper tertiles of ponderal index at birth became thinner.
CONCLUSIONS: Birth length was strongly associated with development at 12 months, but only infants born both short and thin were at increased risk of mortality and hospitalizations. The combination of the two measures provides a useful classification of the anthropometric status of the newborn.
Keywords Anthropometry, body length, ponderal index, intrauterine growth retardation, infant mortality, hospitalization, child development, growth, Brazil
Accepted 22 July 1997
CiteULike 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  C. G Victora, P. C Hallal, C. L. Araujo, A. M. Menezes, J. C. Wells, and F. C Barros Cohort Profile: The 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study Int. J. Epidemiol., August 1, 2008; 37(4): 704 - 709. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|