International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 26, S118-S127, Copyright © 1997 by International Epidemiological Association
K Katsouyanni, EB Rimm, C Gnardellis, D Trichopoulos, E Polychronopoulos and A Trichopoulou
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the reproducibility and relative validity of a
190-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to be used in
a large prospective study in the Athens area of Greece. METHODS: In all, 42
men and 38 women, aged 25-67 years, completed two self-administered
semi-quantitative FFQ spaced approximately 1 year apart. Within this 1-year
interval, participants visited the study centre monthly and completed an
interviewer-administered 24-hour diet recall questionnaire. We also
collected two venous blood and three 24- hour urine samples from
participants at randomly selected periods during the year between the two
administrations of the dietary questionnaire. RESULTS: Mean values for
intake of most nutrients assessed by the two FFQ were in good agreement
while those assessed by the two different dietary methods were reasonably
similar for most nutrients. Intraclass correlation coefficients for
energy-adjusted nutrient intakes assessed by questionnaires one year apart
averaged 0.57 (range 0.24-0.75) and were not substantially different
between genders. Correlation coefficients between the energy-adjusted
nutrients measured by repeated 24-hour recalls and the semi-quantitative
FFQ ranged from 0.25 for beta-carotene and polyunsaturated fats to >
0.50 for saturated fats, cis-linoleic acid, calcium and phosphorus
(average: 0.46 for men and 0.39 for women). Reliability and relative
validity were very high for alcohol intake. Dietary intakes from the FFQ
were significantly correlated to plasma levels of vitamin C, but not beta-
carotene or cholesterol. Dietary protein intake assessed by both FFQ was
correlated (0.36, 0.30) with average urinary nitrogen excretion levels from
three 24-hour urine samples. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that the
semi-quantitative FFQ is reproducible and provides a reasonably reliable
measure of intake. Significant correlations between diet and an independent
biochemical marker further corroborate the relative validity of our
questionnaire in this Greek population.
ARTICLES
Reproducibility and relative validity of an extensive semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire using dietary records and biochemical markers among Greek schoolteachers
Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Athens Medical School, Greece.
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