International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 26, 915-923, Copyright © 1997 by International Epidemiological Association
SJ Bowlin, MC Leske, A Varma, P Nasca, A Weinstein and L Caplan
BACKGROUND: Alcohol use is associated with breast cancer in many
epidemiological studies. Most, however, have measured risk from recent
consumption patterns, and only a few include analyses for duration of
drinking or age that a woman started to drink. The authors studied the
effect of these variables, as well as of recent alcohol consumption
patterns, on breast cancer risk. METHODS: Data from a large case- control
study conducted in Long Island, New York from 1 January 1984 to 31 December
1986 were used. A total of 1214 women aged 20-79 years with incident breast
cancer were interviewed. A control was selected for each case from driver's
license files, and matched on age and county of residence. Alcohol
consumption was measured as: ever versus never, grams of alcohol per day,
age started drinking, and total years drinking. RESULTS: After adjustment
for breast cancer risk factors, the odds ratio for ever versus never
drinking was 1.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.79); odds ratios for
> 0-5 and > or = 5 grams of alcohol use per day, as compared to
nondrinkers, were 1.29 (95% CI: 1.00-1.65) and 1.46 (95% CI: 1.13-1.89),
respectively. Age when drinking began was not related to breast cancer
risk, but the greater the total years of drinking, up to 40 years (odds
ratio 1.48, 95% CI: 1.13-1.93), the greater the risk. However, when grams
per day and duration of drinking were simultaneously included in the
multivariate model, duration was not important as a risk factor. This
suggests that intensity of drinking may be the important factor for breast
cancer risk. After covariate adjustment, risk from alcohol intake did not
differ between pre- and postmenopausal women.
ARTICLES
Breast cancer risk and alcohol consumption: results from a large case- control study
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4945, USA.
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