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© 1995 Oxford University Press

research-article

Assessing the Efficacy of a Mixed Vaccination Strategy against Rubella in São Paulo, Brazil

E MASSAD*, R S AZEVEDO-NETO*, M N BURATTINI*,**, D M T ZANETTA*, F A B COUTINHO{dagger}, H M YANG*, J C MORAES{ddagger},§, C S PANNUTI*, V A U F SOUZA*, A S B SILVEIRA*, C J STRUCHINERboxV, G W OSELKA*, M C C CAMARGO§, T M OMOTO§ and S D PASSOS*

* Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo and LIM 01/52 — HCFMUSP Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 455, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
** Escola Paulista de Medicina
{dagger} Instituto de Fisica da Universidade de Sao Paulo
{ddagger} Faculdade de Ciencias Médicas da Santa Casa de Sao Paulo
§ Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Sao Paulo
boxV Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, FIOCRUZ

BACKGROUND: In 1992 a major vaccination strategy against measles-mumps-rubella was introduced in the State of Sao, Brazil. This strategy was based on mathematical models and comprised a pulse vaccination covering aII children aged 1–10 years, followed by the inclusion of this vaccine in the routine calendar at 15 months of age. The present work reports the evaluation of the efficacy of this mixed vaccination strategy.

METHODS: A rubella seroprevalence survey was carried out immediately and one year after the campaign, comprising 4953 children aged 1–15 years.

RESULTS: We show that average rubella seroprevalence increased from 0.40 to 0.97 and that the reported number of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) cases dropped dramatically.

CONCLUSIONS: The mixed vaccination strategy adopted against rubella has proved to be very effective in reducing the number of CRS cases in Sao Paulo.

Keywords rubella, CRS, vaccination, seroepidemiology, control strategies

Revised 1 February 1995


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