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© 1994 Oxford University Press

research-article

Sex Differences in the Humoral Antibody Response to Live Measles Vaccine in Young Adults

MANFRED S GREEN*,**,, TAMY SHOHAT*, YEHUDA LERMAN*,**, DANI COHEN*,**, RAPHAEL SLEPON*, PORIYA DUVDEVANI{dagger}, NOEMI VARSANO{dagger}, RON DAGAN{ddagger} and ELLA MENDELSON{dagger}

* Medical Corps, Israel Defense Force Israel
** Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University Israel
{dagger} Ministry of Health Central Virology Laboratory Tel Hashomer, Israel
{ddagger} Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev Israel

Reprint requests to: Dr Manfred Green, Occupational Health Institute, PO Box 3, Raanana 43100, Israel

BACKGROUND: Following vaccination of children using high-titre live measles vaccine, excess non-specific mortality was reported, particularly among females. Since vaccination with live measles virus results in a temporary depression of the immune response to other antigens, the female predominance in subsequent non-measles mortality may be due to sex differences in response to live measles vaccines.

METHODS: In this study, the immunogenicity of standard titre live Sdiwarz strain measles vaccine was examined 2 and 4 weeks post-vaccination in 223 males and 66 female aged 18–20 years in Israel in 1991.

RESULTS: Females had higher post-vaccination geometric mean titre (GMT) at all levels of pre-vaccination titres at both 2 and 4 weeks. Furthermore, after controlling for differences in pre-vaccination titres, overall the post-vaccination GMT for females was about 50% higher than for males (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that females exhibit a stronger humoral immune response to measles vaccine. Possible sex differences in immunosuppression following measles vaccination should be explored.

Received 1 February 1994


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