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© 1993 Oxford University Press
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Occupational Risks of Bladder Cancer in France: A Multicentre Case-Control Study
* Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale-INSERM U 170, 16 Ave Paul Vaillant-Couturier 94807 Villejuif, Cedex, France
**Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurite-INRS Centre de Recherche 54501 Vandoeuvre, Les Nancy, France
Service d'Urologie Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
The relationships between occupational risk factors in France and bladder cancer were assessed from a hospital-based case-control study conducted between 1984 and 1987 in five regions representing various industries, including mining, textile manufacture, metallurgy and the production of rubber and chemicals. The study concerned 765 cases (668 men and 107 women) and the same number of controls. Odds ratios (OR) adjusted for matching variables (age, place of residence and hospital), and tobacco smoking were estimated by unconditional logistic regression. A significantly in creased risk of bladder cancer was observed among men employed in coal mining (OR=2.42; 95% confidence interval (Cl): 1.25–4.67) and the chemicals industry (OR%2.36; 95% Cl: 1.23–4.53). Aircraft and ship's officers (OR%11.8; 95% Cl: 1.46–95.7), managers (OR%1.64; 95% Cl: 1.11–2.43) and street vendors (OR%3.60; 95% Cl: 1.15–11.3) also had an increased risk. Among women, employment in the clothing industry was associated with a high OR (%3.21; 95% Cl: 1.34–7.71). Assessment of individual exposures by a panel of industrial hygiene experts showed that significantly more cases than controls had been exposed to the following substances: chlorinated solvents (OR%1.86; 95% Cl: 1.19–2.90), industrial oils and greases (OR%1.44; 95% CI: 1.10–1.89), welding fumes (OR%1.40; 95% Cl: 0.98–2.01), coal dust (OR%1.71; 95% Cl: 1.02–2.89) and metallic oxide dust (OR%2.99; 95% Cl: 1.12–8.01). The high risks observed for coal mining, petroleum refining, the tool and die, glass and chemicals industries, steel foundries, car manufacture and car repair are consistent with the possibility that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is a risk factor for bladder cancer.
Received 1 October 1992
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