© 1992 Oxford University Press
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Dietary Factors and Fracture in Postmenopausal Women: A Case-Control Study
*Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
**Toronto General/Mount Sinai Hospitals, Combined Orthopaedic Division and Division of Orthopaedic Surgay, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Sunnybrook Medical Centre Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Kreiger N (Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, 12 Queens Park Crescent West, 3rd Floor, McMurrich Building, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8 Canada), Gross A and Hunter G. Dietary factors and fracture in postmenopausal women: A case-control study. International Journal of Epidemiology 1992; 21: 953–958.
This case-control study examined the effect of diet on the risk of postmenopausal fracture of the hip and wrist. Cases, women aged 50–84 years, were admitted to one of four Metropolitan Toronto hospitals during the period September 1983 through May 1985. Controls were women of the same age, admitted to the same hospitals, and seen for orthopaedic or general surgical complaints. Data were collected through the use of a standardized structured questionnaire administered by trained female interviewers, and included dietary, sociodemographic, medical, and behavioural variables. Data analysis was conducted on 102 hip fracture cases, 154 wrist fracture cases, and 277 controls.
Higher dietary calcium intake only slightly increased the risk of hip fracture; however, it was associated with a significantly decreased risk for fracture of the wrist, at the level 
1 g/day. Coffee and tea consumption appeared to be unrelated to fracture risk. Finally, alcohol intake was associated with a statistically nonsignificant increased risk in both fracture types.
These findings point to the importance of dietary factors on fracture risk, and indicate a need for future studies to stratify analysis on the basis of fracture type.
Received 1 March 1992
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