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© 1991 Oxford University Press

research-article

Risk Factors for Epithelial Ovarian Tumours of Borderline Malignancy

FABIO PARAZZINI*, CARLO RESTELLI*,{dagger}, CARLO LA VECCHIA*,**, EVA NEGRI*, STEFANIA CHIARI{ddagger}, RENATO MAGGI{dagger} and COSTANTINO MANGIONI{ddagger}

*Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche ‘Mario Negri’ via Eritrea 62, 20157 Milano, Italy.
**Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne Switzerland.
{dagger}Seconda Clinica Osterico-Ginecologica, Università di Milano Italy.
{ddagger}Quarta Clinica Ostetrico-Ginecologica, Università di Milano Italy.

A case-control study was conducted on 91 cases with histologically-confirmed borderline ovarian turnours and 237 control subjects in hospital for acute non-gynaecological, hormonal or neoplastic disease. Women reporting three or more births, compared to nulliparae, had a relative risk (RR) estimate of 0.6, but this finding was not statistically significant (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2-1.4). The risk of borderline turnours increased, although not significantly, with later age at first birth: compared to women reporting first birth at age 24 or before, the RRs were 1.3 and 1.7 in those reporting respectively their first birth at age 25-29 and 30 years or more. No significant relationship emerged between borderline ovarian cancer and age at menarche, menopausal status and lifelong menstrual pattern. Cases tended to report a later age at menopause than controls, but the trend in risk was not statistically significant. Nine cases (9.9%) and 68 controls (24.9%) reported oral contraceptive use: compared with never users the multivariate RR for ever users was 0.3, and the risk dropped with duration of use to 0.2 in users for two years or more (X21, trend = 12.70, p<0.001). This study provides epidemiological evidence of a pathogenetic continuum between borderline and invasive ovarian tumours.

Revised 1 May 1991


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