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© 1991 Oxford University Press

research-article

A Community Study of Alcohol Consumption and Dietary Habits in Middle-Aged Italian Women

PAOLO TONIOLO*, ELIO RIBOLI** and ALBERTO P M CAPPA{dagger}

*Institute of Enviromental Medicine and Kaplan Cancer Center, New York University Medical Center 341 East 25th Street, New York, NY 10010 USA.
**Unit of Analytical Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon, France
{dagger}Ospedale Maggiore S. Giovanni via Cavour 31, 10123 Torino, Italy.

This population-based study examines whether dietary intake in middle-aged Italian women is influenced by alcohol drinking habits. The 499 participants were interviewed using a dietary history questionnaire designed to investigate alcohol consumption. Mean intake of total and non-alcohol energy increased progressively within categories of increasing alcohol consumption (<5, 5–19, 20–39, 40+ g/day). Mean body weight and Quetelet index (kg/m2), however, decreased with increasing alcohol consumption. Once the disparities in energy intake were reduced by computing intake densities, the data suggest that moderate and heavy drinkers have dietary habits similar to those of abstainers or light drinkers. These findings were confirmed by multiple linear regression analyses in which the confounding effects of age, place of residence, occupation, and Quetelet index were taken into account. Increasing alcohol consumption appeared associated only with a modest decrease in the intake of fibre, beta-caretene, and vitamin C. These findings do not support the hypothesis that the observed protection from coronary artery disease among moderate drinkers is related to a chronic reduction in the intake of carbohydrates and fat, at least in middle-aged women.

Revised 1 March 1991


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