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© 1991 Oxford University Press

research-article

Oral Contraceptives and Breast Cancer: A French Case-Control Study

F CLAVEL*, N ANDRIEU*, B GAIRARD**, A BRÉMOND{dagger}, L PIANA{ddagger}, J LANSAC§, G BRÉART#, C RUMEAU-ROUQUETTE#, R FLAMANT* and R RENAUD**

*Unité de Recherches en Epidémiologie des Cancers. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale. Institut Gustave Roussy 94805 Villejuif, France.
**Clinique Gynécologique et Obstétricale, Hospices civils 67091, Strasbourg, France.
{dagger}Unité de Recherches Epidémiologiques sur les Composantes physiques, psychologiques et sociales de la Santé 69424 Lyon, France.
{ddagger}Service de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique, Institut Paoli Calmettes 13009 Marseilles, France.
§Clinique Gynécologique Obstétricale, Hopital Bretonneau 37044 Tours, France.
#Unité de Recherches sur la Mère et l'Enfant, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale. Hopital Baudelocque 75014 Paris, France.

The relationship between the risk of breast cancer and oral contraceptive use was investigated in a case-control study conducted in France between 1983 and 1987 in five public hospitals. Some 464 cases aged 25 to 56 years and 542 matched controls were interviewed about their history of the use of oral contraceptives (OC).

Results are given for the entire population and for the subgroup of 358 and 379 premenopausal cases and controls. The multivariate relative risk estimate, for ever use, was 1.5 (p<0.01) in the whole group as well as in the premenopausal subgroup (p<0.02). However, there was no evidence that the effect varied appreciably according to duration of use, age at first use, use before first full-term pregnancy (FFTP) and time since first or last use. The risk was not altered for any particular brand of OC.

We conclude that, because of the widespread attention given to the relationship between OC use and breast cancer, information bias might be responsible for part of the excess in risk observed among OC ever users.

Revised 1 July 1990


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