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© 1990 Oxford University Press

research-article

Nitrate and Nitrite Exposure in Italian Populations with Different Gastric Cancer Rates

T M KNIGHT*, D FORMAN*, R PIRASTU**, P COMBA{dagger}, R IANNARILLI{dagger}, P L COCCO{ddagger}, G ANGOTZI$, E NINU# and S SCHIERANO@

*Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology and Clinical Trials Unit, Gibson Building Radeliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK.
**Università di Roma—Dipartimento BAV Italy.
{dagger}Instituto Superiore di Sanita Roma, Italy.
{ddagger}Institute of Occupational Medicine Cagliari, Italy.
$Institute of Occupational Medicine Siena, Italy
#Presidio Multizonale di Prevenzione Arezzo, Italy.
@University of Verona, Institute of Pathology Verona, Italy.

Knight T M (Imperial Cancer Research Fund, Cancer Epidemiology and Clinical Trials Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK), Forman D, Pirastu R, Comba P, Iannarilli R, Cocco P L, Angotzi G, Ninu E and Schierano S. Nitrate and nitrite exposure in Italian populations with different gastric cancer rates. International Journal of Epidemiology 1990, 19: 510–515.

Exposure to nitrate and nitrite from dietary sources was estimated by questionnaire and measurement of salivary levels of the ions in residents of four regions of Italy with longstanding, contrasting, gastric cancer mortality rates. Whether using salivary levels or dietary questionnaire estimations no association was found between nitrate and nitrite exposure and gastric cancer mortality rates. For salivary nitrate and nitrite, the intra-provincial variation was greater than any inter-province difference. However, for dietary nitrate and nitrite intakes, there were significant differences between the regional groups (but not related to gastric cancer risk). Despite the limitations of the methods used, there was a weak positive association between salivary concentrations of nitrate and questionnaire assessment. Dietary factors are likely to play key roles at different stages of the gastric carcinogenic process. Nitrate may play a part but is unlikely to be a rate-limiting factor in all individuals or populations.

Revised 1 October 1989


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