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© 1989 Oxford University Press

research-article

Selection Bias in Case-Control Studies Using Relatives as the Controls

ALISA M GOLDSTEIN*,{dagger}, SUSAN E HODGE{ddagger} and ROBERT W C HAILE*

*Division of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.
{ddagger}Departments of Psychiatry and Biomathematics, UCLA School of Medicine Los Angeles, California 90024, USA.

Goldstein A M (Division of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA), Hodge S E and Haile R W. Selection bias in case-control studies using relatives as the controls. International Journal of Epidemiology 1989: 18: 985–989.

Investigators have suggested using relatives of cases as the control group when studying complex diseases thought to have a major genetic component.1–5 However, there is a concern about possible bias and we developed a model to examine the possibility of bias in the selection of relatives as the control group. Assuming the exposure-specific risks of disease remain constant over time, the results indicate that even when there is a correlation in the exposure status among relatives, selection of controls from relatives of cases does not, of itself, introduce bias in the estimate of effect.


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