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© 1989 Oxford University Press

research-article

Oral Contraceptive Use and Premenopausal Breast Cancer in Sweden and Norway: Possible Effects of Different Pattern of Use

EILIV LUND*, OLAV MEIRIK**, HANS-OLOV ADAMI{dagger}, REINHOLD BERGSTRØM{ddagger}, THORALF CHRISTOFFERSEN§ and PER BERGSJا§

Reprint request Dr Eiliv Lund, Institutt for Samfunnsmedisin, P B 417, 9001 Tromsø Norway
*Institute of Community Mdeicine, University of TromsØ Norway
**World Health Organization, Special Program of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction Geneva, Schwitzerland
{dagger}Departments of Surgery{dagger}, Statistics{ddagger} University of Uppsala Uppsala, Sweden
§Department fo Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
§§Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Bergen Bergen, Norway

Lund E (Institutt for Samfunnsmedisin, PB 417, 9001 Tromsø, Norway), Meirik O, Adami H O, Bergstrøm R, Christoffersen T and Bergsjø P. Oral contraceptive use and premenopausal breast cancer in Sweden and Norway: possible effects of different pattern of use. International Journal of Epidemiology 1989, 18: 527–532.

Different use of oral contraceptives (OCs) in relation to reproductive histories and age might explain the conflicting results found in studies from different countries of OC use and premenopausal breast cancer. A population-based case-control study in Sweden and Norway has been analysed separately for the two countries. The study consists of 317 Swedish and 105 Norwegian cases diagnosed 1984–1985 with 317 Swedish and 210 Norweigan controls. The results for each country separately are consistent with the joint analysis showing increased risk for breast cancer with increased duration of OC use with the exception of that for women with more than 15 years since first use. The relative risk of breast cancer for more than four years of use among Norwegian women was 0.6 (95% confidence internal (CI), 0.2-1.B). In both countries there was a non-significant higher risk associated with increasing duration of use before first full-term pregnancy. Analyses for surveillance bias show no evidence of bias as explanation for the association between total duration of OC use and breast cancer.


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C. Kahlenborn, F. Modugno, D. M. Potter, and W. B. Severs
Oral Contraceptive Use as a Risk Factor for Premenopausal Breast Cancer: A Meta-analysis
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