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© 1988 Oxford University Press

research-article

Cervical Cancer Risk and Use of Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate in Costa Rica

MARK W OBERLE*,{ddagger}, LUIS ROSERO-BIXBY**, KATHLEEN L IRWIN*, JUDITH A FORTNEY{dagger}, NANCY C LEE*, ANNE S WHATLEY* and MICHELE G BONHOMME{dagger}

* Division of Reproduuctive Health, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta GA 30333, USA
** University of Costa Rica (INISA) San José, Costa Rica
{dagger} Family Health International, Research Triangle Park NC 27709

Oberie M W (Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta GA 30333, USA), Rosero-Bixby L, Irwin K L, Fortney J A, Lee N C, Whatley A S, Bonhomme M G. Cervical cancer risk and use of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate in Costa Rica. International Journal of Epidemiology 1988, 17: 718–723.

The relationship between cervical cancer and the use of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) was examined in a nationwide case-control study in Costa Rica. Cases were women ages 25–58 years of age with invasive squamous cell cancer (N=149) or carcinoma in situ (CIS, N=415) reported by the National Tumor Registry during 1982–84. Controls (N=764) were randomly selected during a nationwide household survey. Using logistic regression, we adjusted for known risk factors for cervical cancer. DMPA use was associated with a risk of CIS of 1.1 (95% confidence interval 0.6–1.8) and a risk of invasive cancer of 1.4 (95% confidence interval 0.6–3.1). The slightly elevated risks observed may be the result of chance or a detection bias. One limitation of this study is that few women had used DMPA for longer than two years.

Revised 1 February 1988


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