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© 1986 Oxford University Press

research-article

Controlled Field Trials of a Vaccine Against New World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

CARLOS M F ANTUNES, WILSON MAYRINK, PAULO A MAGALHAES, CARLOS A COSTA, MARIA N MELO, MAGNO DIAS, MARILENE S M MICHALICK, PAUL WILLIAMS, ANTONIO OLIVEIRA LIMA, JOAO B F VIEIRA and ANTONIO P M SCHETTINI

Department of Parasitology of the Institute of Biological Sciences of the Federal University of Minas Gerais State, SUCAM of the Ministry of Health, Faculty of Pharmacy of the Federal University of Minas Gerais State, Department of Biological Sciences of the Federal University of Ouro Preto, Foundation Ataulfo de Paiva and Army General Hospital (Manaus) Brazil

Reprint requests to Dr Carlos M F Antunes, Departamento de Parasitologia, ICB, Caixa Postal 2486, 30000 Belo Horizonte MG, Brasil.

Two controlled, double blind field trials of a non-living promastigote vaccine against New World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (NWCL) were conducted in 1981 and 1983 in Brazil. Brazilian Army conscripts were randomly assigned to the vaccine or placebo groups and tested during their training in the Amazon jungle, a high risk area for NWCL. The results obtained showed: (1) no significant differences between the vaccine and the placebo groups with respect to a number of characteristics (age, race, previous contact with the jungle, etc.); (2) no significant differences between the participants who got and who did not get NWCL during the trial, with respect to length of exposure, contact with the jungle, etc. and (3) a reduction of 67.3 and 85.7% in the annual incidence rate of NWCL, in 1981 and 1983 respectively (although the difference between incidence rates of the disease in vaccinated and control groups in the 1983 trial was not statistically significant), among those vaccinated who had converted to a positive leishmanin skin test as compared with the placebo groups.

Received 1 November 1985


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