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© 1986 Oxford University Press

research-article

Caesarean Section as a Risk Factor for Malformations—A Negative Finding

ELINA HEMMINKI{dagger}, NTINOS C MYRIANTHOPOULOS{ddagger}, JAMES POMEROY{ddagger} and BARRY GRAUBARD*

*Epidemiology and Biometry Research Program, National Itutiiuie of Child Health and Human Development NIH, Bethesda, Md 20205,USA.
{dagger}Depart men I of Public Health, University of Helsinki Haartmanink 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
{ddagger}Developmental Neurology Branch, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke NIH, Bethesda, Md 20205, USA.

The question whether Caesarean section is a risk factor for malformations was examined among 35865 children born in 1950 65 and included in the US Collaborative Perinatal Project; 1407 children were subsequent children of mothers who had a Caesarean section for the previous birth (exposed). The rate of malformed children was about the same in the exposed and non-exposed groups, and the rate of children with major malformations was only slightly higher in the exposed group (risk ratio was 1.1, ie not statistically significant). Multiple variable adjustment for potentially confounding factors further reduced the risk ratios. Caesarean section did not appear to be a risk factor in this population, but further studies covering more recent times and including fetal deaths are needed.

Received 1 October 1985


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