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© 1982 Oxford University Press
research-article |
An Empirical Study of Cluster Randomization
*Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Department of Family Medicine, University of Western Ontario London, Canada N6A 5B7
Donner, A (Department of Epidemiology and Biostastics, University of Westem Ontario, London, Canada N6A 5B7). An empirical study of cluster randomization. International Journal of Epidemiology 1982, 11: 283–286. Increasing attention has been given recently to the methodological issues associated with randomization of clusters rather than individuals in lifestyle intervention trials. These issues are explored through an empirical study of the ‘effective sample size’ imposed by randomization of three experimental units frequently considered in epidemiological research: the spouse pair, the general practice, and the large geographic area (county). The measurement of within-cluster dependence for a dichotomous outcome variable is also discussed, and a relationship shown between Fleiss‘s kappa and Cornfield’s inflation factor.
Received 4 March 1982
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